How does a SQL connector function in Pega?

In Pega, a SQL connector is designed to facilitate direct communication between the Pega application and a relational database by executing SQL commands. This functionality is crucial when there is a need to perform operations such as querying, inserting, updating, or deleting records in the database. By using a SQL connector, developers can leverage the power of SQL to manipulate data effectively without the need for intermediary layers, allowing for efficient data processing and retrieval.

The other options pertain to different functionalities that are not directly served by a SQL connector. For instance, mapping user interfaces to database tables generally pertains to data modeling within the Pega application's data structure, while connecting application servers to external APIs is related to integration mechanisms, such as REST or SOAP connectors. Encrypting sensitive data at rest is a security measure that ensures data security, but it doesn't involve SQL command execution, which is the primary focus of a SQL connector.